EDUCATION

1939-1946 Davenant Foundation Grammar School, during World War II at Chatteris, Cambridgeshire, England. 1944 Matriculation in the University of London with distinctions; 1946 Advanced and Scholarship Level, Higher Certificate of Education, University of London (Zoology, Botany, Chemistry, Physics). Awarded State Scholarship for University Education.

1949-1955 Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin. Honors include First Prize and Silver Medal, Biology, 1950; Silver Medal, Best Scientific Paper, 1953; Silver Medal, Best Paper, 1954; Clinical Prize Surgery, St Laurence’s (Richmond) Hospital, Dublin, 1955.

Earned Degrees
Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) 1955
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D. Experimental Surgery), McGill University, Montreal, Canada, 1964
Doctor of Science (D.Sc. Surgery), University of Cincinnati College of Medical Sciences, 1971

Highlights of University Years, (Representative Activity by Type)

The Years at Minnesota: Surgical Training. Fellow in the Experimental Surgery Laboratory of Professor Owen H. Wangensteen, Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School. Undertook research studies evaluating surgical procedures and operations for myocardial revascularization of the ischemic heart. Performed original studies on Pulmonary Artery – Left Atrium Shunts; Coronary – Mammary Bypass; Coronary Endarterectomy and associated surgical approaches to Coronary Artery disease. Awarded the Moynihan Prize and Medal (Association of Surgeons, Great Britain and Ireland) for this work. Also undertook experimental studies related to gastric digestion, liver, pancreas, and general systems. Studied one year in the Dept. of Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Chairman Maurice B. Visscher, investigating pressure-flow relationships in the isolated heart, with Professor John A. Johnson, in particular “Critical Closing Pressure”. Also investigated with Lerner B. Hinshaw understanding of autoregulation of renal blood flow, and demonstrated that tissue pressure could be a factor in autoregulation.

The Years at McGill: Investigated experimental studies of the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation on cancer of the thyroid gland, in the laboratory of Professor Charles Leblonde, Chairman, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology. Particular interest was expressed in the specific role of Light Cells. Also gave considerable time to problems associated with the construction of a “radiation free room”, in association with Chalk River Atomic Energy Institution colleagues. Other studies included investigation of issues in frostbite; drum trauma, and coronary vascular reaction to pharmacologic agents. Appointed Lecturer in Anatomy to McGill University Dentistry Students. Awarded a Senior (Career Award 1966-1969)) Research Associateship of the Canadian Heart Association but surrendered this on immigration to the United States in 1966.

The Years at Cincinnati: Principal interest focused on burn trauma, with major contributions on Curling’s Ulcer and Burn Stress. Developed the perspective of mandatory treatment of the burn as a total body injury. In collaboration with Professor William A. Altemeier, (Chairman of the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medical Sciences), and Professor Bruce G. MacMillan (Chief of Staff, and Chief Surgeon, Shriners Hospital Burns Institute), and other colleagues, published the monograph entitled Curling’s Ulcer: An Experiment of Nature. (Foreword by Owen H. Wangensteen), 1972.

The Years at the Bell Museum of Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1971- 1973: Founded and developed the concept of the Bell Museum at the University of Minnesota Medical School as a “Museum Without Walls”. Introduced the concept there in the medical teaching program of Interdisciplinary Studies based on Multidisciplinary Interaction. Introduced concept of Integrated, Interactive Approaches in Medical Education – Death And Dying; Bioethics; Health Communications, and Integrated Interdisciplinary Field Studies with the U.S. Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, (NARL), Barrow, Alaska, and Music Therapy as an assist toward education in cases of Cerebral Palsy (in association with the School of Music, University of Minnesota). Became tenured Associate Professor in the University of Minnesota, March 1973.

The Years at the Sloan Kettering Institute For Cancer Research, New York: Founded and introduced the Division of Health Communications (SKI), 1973-1979, and integrated Biosciences Communications and Medical education into the SKI Research Programs. Designed and developed proposals for CIDACS (Cancer Information And Data Centers); Computer Cartography of Cancer Data; and introduced the concept of Consensus Organization in Health Care Systems Management, at the Aspen Interdisciplinary Seminars, 1976. Published several major works on cancer – Cancer Invasion And Metastasis; Molecular Pathology; edited with R.A. Good 9 Volumes of Comprehensive Immunology, and with Hans Selye, Cancer, Stress, and Death. During these years organized, founded, and published through Karger (Basel), Biosciences Communications, (name late changed to Health Communications) integrating interdisciplinary approaches to a biopsychosocial understanding of health, illness, and wellness.

The Years at the University of Calabar, Nigeria, (West African Experience): Chairman and Founding Professor, Department of Community Medicine and Biopsychosocial Health in the University. Member of All University Senate. Graduated the first two classes of Nigerian Medical students to MB. BCh. degree. Set up Rural and Bush Hospitals and Self Health Primary Care Clinics in Eastern Nigeria, in Cross River State. Medical Consultant to the State and Federal Governments (Nigeria), Medical Consultant to the King of Calabar; to the Ministry of Health, and Health Services Management Board, Cross River State. Introduced the concept of Biopsychosocial Health into the Medical Curriculum in Nigeria, and fostered Traditional (Native) Medicine as part of the required teaching schedule. Developed Biosocial Development Programs and Community Health Education Outreach via “Nigeria 2000” – radio and television health education programs, Nigerian National Radio and Television Authority. Conferred with Chieftaincy Title, Ntufan Ajan of Oban, Nigeria, 1983. Admitted to Ekpe Society, Cross River State, Calabar, 1983. Conferred with Chieftaincy Title and Costumes, Ibibio People, 1983.



Mission at Meharry Medical College, 1985 -1990: President David Satcher described in 1985 a “Plan for Renewal” for Meharry Medical College. He invited me to serve as a Consultant in International Health at Meharry and as Professor and Director of the International Center for Health Sciences. My mission was to bring to Meharry Medical College a World Health Organization Collaborating Centre. This I succeeded in doing after two years of concentrated effort with the W.H.O. (HQ), Geneva, and with US (AID), Washington, D.C. Final designation of the International Centre for Health Sciences at Meharry as a Collaborating Centre of the World Health Organization was achieved on February 3^rd, 1987. The commitment of the WHO Collaborating Center at Meharry was to Community Oriented Education, using Biopsychosocial (Community Based) Education, Problem Based Learning, and Multiprofessional Strategies towards the goal of Health For All by the year 2000. During my work my efforts served both local and international needs, including responsibility as Liaison Officer for the College NAFEO/US (AID) HBCU. Principal efforts were to address the imbalance of health manpower in the black community (USA), and to train Health Care Providers for and in Africa, in terms of relevance to national policies and strategies for the achievement of health for all by the year 2000. Of this work, President Ronald Reagan wrote, January 2, 1987, from the White House:



Decade 1990-2000: Served as Fulbright Professor, Charles University, Czechoslovakia; Visiting Professor, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Post Graduate Medical School, Prague; and Permanent Visiting Professor of Medical Education, Oita Medical College, Japan.

Present Pedagogical And Academic Interests

1. Biological Aspects of Human Behavior; Biologos and Biopsychosocial Health;
2. Comprehensive and Integrated Systems for Health; Biosocial Development; Sociology in Health Care Delivery; Physiology of Stress.
3. Health Communications and Health Education with special interest in International Health including integrated methodologies for health and education planning; management of health; management in science, information, and decision systems including risk analysis. Research in fields of health education, networking, systems science, and the theoretical foundations of information based knowledge.
4. Biology of Disease with emphasis upon experimental physiological principals of surgical and medical practice.